Background: The purpose of this in-vitro study was to examine the effect of incorporating different concentrations\nof Zirconium oxide-Titanium dioxide (ZrO2-TiO2) nanoparticles, which can have antibacterial properties, on the\nmechanical properties of an orthodontic adhesive.\nMethods: ZrO2-TiO2 (Zirconium oxide, HWNANO, Hongwu International Group Ltd, China) -Titanium dioxide, Nanoshell,\nUSA) nanopowder were incorporated into orthodontic adhesive (Transbond XT, 3 M Unitek, Monrovia, USA) with\ndifferent concentrations (0.5% weight nonofiller and 1% weight nanofiller). The size of nanoparticle was 70ââ?¬â??80 nm for\nZrO2 and less than 50 nm for TiO2. For measuring the shear bond strength of the three groups of orthodontic adhesives\n[Transbond (control), Transbond mixed with 0.5% weight ZrO2-TiO2, and Transbond mixed with 1% weight ZrO2-TiO2],\n30 freshly extracted human first premolars were used and bonded with stainless steel metal brackets (DentaurumÃ?®,\nDiscoveryÃ?®, Deutschland), using the 3 orthodontic adhesives and 3 M Unitek; Transbond TM Plus Self-Etching Primer (10\nsamples in each group). The recorded values of compressive strength and tensile strength (measured separately on 10\nsamples of orthodontic adhesives (add the 3 D size of sample, light cured for 40 s on both sides) of each orthodontic\nadhesives), as well as the shear bond strength in Mega Pascal unit (MPa) were collected and exposed to one-way analysis\nof variance (ANOVA) and Tukeyââ?¬â?¢s post-hoc tests.\nResults: orthodontic adhesive with 1% weight ZrO2-TiO2 showed the highest mean compressive (73.42 Ã?± 1.\n55 MPa, p: 0.003, F: 12.74), tensile strength (8.65 Ã?± 0.74 MPa, p: 0.001, F: 68.20), and shear bond strength (20.05 Ã?± 0.\n2 MPa, p: 0.001, F: 0.17).\nConclusions: Adding ZrO2-TiO2 nanoparticle to orthodontic adhesive increased compressive strength, tensile\nstrength, and shear bond strength in vitro, but in vivo studies and randomized clinical trials are needed to\nvalidate the present findings.
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